Neurobiology of Disease Subthalamic Nucleus Neurons Are Synchronized to Primary Motor Cortex Local Field Potentials in Parkinson’s Disease

Shoichi A. Shimamoto,1* Elena S. Ryapolova-Webb,1* Jill L. Ostrem,2 Nicholas B. Galifianakis,2,3 Kai J. Miller,4 and Philip A. Starr1,3 Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and 2Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, and 3Parkinson’s Disease Research, Education, and Care Center, San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California 94143-0114, and 4Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305